Mood
Mood is pretty straight forward in Latin, there are 3 moods. Mood describes what type of "role" the verb plays. With Latin, you will find the most commonly used mood is in fact the indiactive, followed by the subjunctive, and then the imperative.
Indicative
Simply stating something, or asking a question. e.g. "The girl is hungry.", "I am happy." or "Are you from Kentucky?"
Imperative
Give an command, telling someone to do something. If no subject, then there is an understood "You" . e.g. "Go clean your room!", "Brent, make more Latin videos!"
In Latin, it is extremely easy to form the imperative.
Singular Imperative
simply take the infinitive, minus the -re, and you have your singular imperative
ambulare -> Ambula
sedere -> Sede
legere -> Lege
capere -> Cape
audire -> Audi
Plural Imperative
Although a little more complex, still relatively simple
for the 1st, 2nd, and 4th Conjugations.
ambulare -> ambulate
sedere -> sedete
audire -> audite
3rd Conjugation you take off the whole infinitive ending (-ere) and add ite
capere -> capite
legere -> legite
Subjunctive
This is a rather tricky mood to explain, the best way to understand it, is to see it used in English.
"If I were you, I woud be happy to find this program!" -- here, we have the implication of what i would do if i were you-- but I'm not.
"Brent acts as if he knows everything!" -- infered, contrary to fact, that I do NOT know everything
Verbs of asking and demaning alot of times will take the subjunctive
"Mom asked that I be home by 3pm to take care of my brother."
More info on this Later
Voice
Latin has two voices, active and passive. Active voice simply means the subject DOES the action, while passive voice means the subject DOES NOT do the action. The following examples are here to help you recognize the two voices in English. Typically, in passive form, you will see " by ____" as to who is doing the action.
Active
I ate the apple.
You carry the boy into the street.
He drives to the store .
Passive
I am eaten by an apple!
You are carried by the boy into the street.
He is driven to the store.